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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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自觉在大局下行动******

　　作者：兰琳宗

　　近日，中共中央政治局召开民主生活会，习近平总书记主持会议并发表重要讲话，强调要牢固树立全国一盘棋思想，自觉在大局下行动，坚持小道理服从大道理、地方利益服从国家整体利益，不断提高战略思维、历史思维、辩证思维、系统思维、创新思维、法治思维、底线思维能力，切实做到前瞻性思考、全局性谋划、整体性推进各项事业。

　　“不谋全局者，不足谋一域。”习近平总书记多次强调“增强大局观念”，要求“自觉从大局看问题，把工作放到大局中去思考、定位、摆布，做到正确认识大局、自觉服从大局、坚决维护大局”。党中央提出党员干部增强“四个意识”，其中之一就是“大局意识”。对各级党组织和广大党员干部来说，牢固树立大局意识，把各领域各岗位工作融入党和国家工作大局，考校着党性觉悟，也是必须遵守的纪律规定。特别是当前开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程，任务艰巨，战略机遇和风险挑战并存，更加要求广大党员干部胸怀中华民族伟大复兴的战略全局和世界百年未有之大变局，善于在大局下开展工作，既登高望远、掌握主动，又脚踏实地、奋进拼搏，不断打开事业发展新天地。

　　牢记“国之大者”，坚决贯彻执行党中央决策部署。“国之大者”关乎发展全局、事业根本。党员干部要对“国之大者”心中有数，关注党中央在关心什么、强调什么，深刻领会什么是党和国家最重要的利益、什么是最需要坚定维护的立场，始终做到在大局下思考、在大局下行动。要不断提高政治判断力、政治领悟力、政治执行力，时刻把事关党和国家前途命运、事关人民根本利益的大事放在心上，做到为党分忧、为党尽责、为党奉献。坚决维护党中央权威和集中统一领导，经常同党中央对标对表，自觉在思想上政治上行动上同党中央保持高度一致，及时校正偏差，不打折、不变通、不走样。

　　坚持算大账、算长远账，不打小算盘、不搞小聪明。小道理要服从大道理，地方利益要服从国家整体利益。自觉在大局下行动，要求领导干部想问题、作决策、抓落实，善于算大账、总账、长远账，不能只算地方账、部门账、眼前账。要站在党和国家大局上想问题、看问题，着眼于党和国家整体利益、根本利益、长远利益来权衡利弊得失。无论综合性决策还是专项性决策，都要找准在全局中的合理定位，做到科学决策、民主决策、依法决策。从大处着眼、小处着手、有的放矢，把情况看清、看准、看透，并积极考虑全局需要，决不能只顾当前、不计长远，只打自己的小算盘，损害全局利益。

　　既为一域增光，又为全局添彩。自觉在大局下行动，不是不顾实际，机械性贯彻落实党中央决策部署，而是善于把党中央的决策部署同本地区本部门的实际有机结合起来。要因地制宜、因时制宜，紧密结合各自实际，开动脑筋、主动作为、大胆作为，创造性开展工作，真正让党中央决策部署落地见效，坚决克服空喊口号、机械执行、消极应付等不良倾向。以“一盘棋”思想达到“一子落”带动“全盘活”，实现“立足全局谋一域、干好一域促全局”。

　　纪检监察机关是政治机关，要带头在大局下行动，更加自觉把工作置于党和国家大局中谋划推进，始终在党中央集中统一领导下忠实履行职能职责，紧紧围绕贯彻落实党中央决策部署来谋划和开展各项工作。推进政治监督具体化、精准化、常态化，严肃查处违反政治纪律和政治规矩问题，坚决纠正贯彻落实党中央方针政策和工作部署存在的政治偏差，督促推动党员干部在新征程上牢记“国之大者”，善谋国之大计、党之大计，敢于担当、积极作为，造福人民、赢得民心。（兰琳宗）

　　（文图：赵筱尘巫邓炎）

[责编：天天中]

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